Bed bug heat treatments - May 3, 2022 · Bed bug treatment: Clean bed, linens, curtains, etc. with hot water, and treat bed bug bites before they get infected. ... The heat will kill the bugs. Getting rid of bed bugs almost always ...

 
Bed bugs die in about an hour and a half of exposure to extreme heat. The required temperature levels must be at least 120 degrees Fahrenheit. So, professional heat treatment companies maintain temperatures between 135-145 degrees when running bed bug heating equipment in a residential home.. Amd 8000 series gpu

Bed bug heat treatment. Heat treatments can be performed as a chemical-free control method and are widely regarded as one of the most effective solutions for bed bugs.Portable heaters are used to gradually heat the ambient air within residences to temperatures above 122°F while the area is monitored by sensors and infrared technology.Signs of a bed bug infestation include live bugs, rust-colored spots on bedding, shed exoskeletons and a musty color. People sleeping in an infested room develop bite marks, but th...Heat treatments are a chemical-free method of pest control used to treat bed bugs by raising the temperature of an affected room. David Hammond is the inventor of heat treatment technologies. He tells us how this …We carry out heat treatments for Bed Bugs, Moths, Cockroaches, Stored product insects and many other insects.Call us today for advice or to book a free no obligation survey and quotation. If you require a professional Bed Bug Heat Treatment in your area , call us now on 0203 600 0980. BED BUG HEAT …Bed bug heat treatment is a method of eliminating bed bugs which involves subjecting the bed bugs to extreme temperatures. Following facts about how heat …Heat treat clothing, bedding, and other items that can withstand a hot dryer (household dryer at high heat for 30 minutes), which will kill bed bugs and … Whereas, bed bugs simply cannot survive at extreme temperatures making heat a better treatment option. Furthermore, only one heat treatment is necessary to eliminate an infestation, while chemicals usually require multiple treatments. The Right Solution. To eliminate insecticide-resistant bed bugs, TEMP-AIR, Inc. manufactures and sells the ... Bed bug heat treatments are very extensive endeavors. Heat treatments have proven to be the most effective and quickest method of eliminating bed bugs. All life stages, adults, nymphs and eggs, die within minutes at temperature. This article has been developed to help you understand the complexity, dangers and risks involved in heat treatments.THE ADVANTAGES OF HEAT TREATMENTS. Rob does a great job, always on time and always makes the appointments scheduled. The employees are all awesome to work with. Great customer service! I recommend to anyone who needs their services. My tech is awesome! Najee is very professional and always has a …A Bed Bug Detection K-9 team will be most effective here. 1. Clean / disinfect all the surfaces in the home, particularly in the bathroom, bedroom, and kitchen. This cleaning won't directly kill the bed bugs, but it'll remove any hair, dust, or dirt kicked up during the heat treatment. 2. Heat Tech has the Solution. Don’t Throw Out Your Furniture, or Spray Chemicals! We can save your mattress and all your furniture. Heat Tech Pest Control provides the city of Oklahoma & the surrounding areas with Affordable bed bug extermination, and treatment services for our residential and commercial customers using advanced technology. Before hiring any heat treatment or pest management company to address a bed bug infestation, it is wise to assess the situation yourself. First and foremost,.Benefits Of A Bed Bug Heat Treatment. A highly effective, proven, non-toxic treatment option. Most treatments are complete in one day. Structures can be inhabited immediately. Can be done …armpits. the inside of elbows or knees. Bedbugs tend to bite the upper parts of your body. Bedbug bites also occur at night and can look like hives. But later in the day, they get smaller and look ...Bed bug infestations can be a source of stress and frustration for homeowners, and the quest for effective eradication methods often leads to the consideration of heat treatments. Utilizing heat to eliminate bed bugs has gained popularity due to its non-toxic nature and ability to reach hidden harborages.Bed bugs die in about an hour and a half of exposure to extreme heat. The required temperature levels must be at least 120 degrees Fahrenheit. So, professional heat treatment companies maintain temperatures between 135-145 degrees when running bed bug heating equipment in a residential home.At EnviroPest, our professional bed bug heating system targets bed bugs - that's adult bugs, eggs, and nymphs – in a single treatment. It uses a combination of ...Jun 4, 2019 ... The answer is simple—it's safer and WAY more effective. Heat treatments have the ability to permeate into every possible bed bug hiding spot, ... Bed Bug Heat Treatments. Nashville Bed Bug. Local Service. Nashville Bed Bug 888-534-0563. Call Us 8-5 CT M-F. Bed Bug Heat Treatments; Nashville Bed Bug 888-534-0563. Since bed bug eggs hatch 6 to 9 days after they are laid, repeat treatments may be necessary. Heat treatment. Bed bug heat treatment costs $1 to $3 per square foot and is the quickest way to kill bed bugs. The chemical-free process uses hot air to raise the room temperature to over 120 degrees to kill the bugs.It usually takes around three weeks to get rid of bed bugs using a professional pest control service. Pesticides used to kill bed bugs do not kill bed bug eggs, necessitating the a...Professional heat treatment is one of the least invasive ways to get rid of bed bugs. Large heaters are used to heat entire rooms up to more than 120 degrees F for a few hours. Unfortunately, these large heaters are expensive, and whole-house treatments can cost thousands of dollars.Pesticide-Free Bed Bug Treatment. Our pesticide-free bed bug heat treatment is a safe and effective solution for eliminating Massachusetts bed bugs from your Boston home. We raise the temperature in infested areas to kill bed bugs at all stages of their life cycle without the use of harmful chemicals. 888-620-7038Contact us today either online or by phone at 833-401-3569 to learn more about our industrial heaters and bed bug remediation solutions. Shop Bed Bug Heater Packages including equipment, heaters, air movers, and accessories online for …Alpeco offer Themo bed bug removal services - thermal heat treatments that eliminate all pests from your room - safe, effective & environmentally friendly. Search. 07 213 1317 ... All heat treatments with "Simply Heat" Thermo Bug include a full prevention treatment as stated above. Every Thermo Bug treatment includes educational material for ...For an additional $50 a day, Hernandez Pest Control offers a heat chamber option, which is a way to heat treat clothing, shoes, bedding and other items that may have bed bugs after the chemicals have been applied throughout the residence. The chamber heats up to about 130 degrees Fahrenheit, which kills …Benefits of Heat Treatment. All Natural. Peace of Mind. Chemical Free. Works in Hours Not Weeks. Kills Insecticide Resistant Bugs. If you suspect you have bed bugs in the Oklahoma City Area, contact Oklahoma Bed Bug Pro now. Our trained technicians will evaluate your home and remove them with our proven heat elimination …If you are looking for bed bug removal from a high quality bed bug exterminator near Elk Grove, your search is over. HeatRx is only a few minutes away. Each of our bed bug heat treatment teams only does one job per day. We are happy to make the drive to help you. Call Today! (510) 422-1782.Effective treatment options for getting rid of bed bugs include heat treatments (which kill all life stages including eggs), insecticide sprays (which can be used to target eggs), and vacuuming (which can remove eggs and nymphs from surfaces). However, it is crucial to consult with a professional bed bug treatment provider before …The proven way to eliminate bed bugs. Thermal remediation is a proven method of eliminating all stages of the bed bug life cycle, from nymph to adult. Given the ...The Reasons We Use Heat Treatments for Seattle Bed Bug Removal. Heat treatment is the perfect chemical-free solution to exterminating bed bugs because they have a low tolerance for heat. Furthermore, the over-use of chemicals or pesticides may lead to some insects, developing resistance, making the pesticide less effective.As if they weren't bad enough already. After bed bugs are eradicated from an infestation, they leave behind a potentially unhealthy souvenir that lingers in the air for months afte...Sep 2, 2020 ... Most companies offer a chemical treatment after the heat treatment is done, calling it a” just in case” factor. Don't get us wrong heat will ...Heat treatments are a chemical-free method of pest control used to treat bed bugs by raising the temperature of an affected room. David Hammond is the inventor of heat treatment technologies. He tells us how this …For minor bed bug issues, Bug Heat Terminator offers a conventional insecticide spray. The targeted, residue-free application controls localized infestations and smaller populations as part of an integrated plan. Though not a sole solution for major infestations, strategic conventional treatments still have a place in bed bug management when ...It takes about 30 minutes of hot water treatment, or 30 minutes in a dryer at high heat, to kill bed bugs in all stages. Bed bugs hiding in cracks and crevices in a room can theoretically be killed with heat, but it can be quite hard to get room temperatures high enough to kill hiding bugs. A steam cleaner diligently applied to carpets ... Heat Treatments. Heat treatment, also known as thermal remediation, consists of using large, mobile electric heaters to increase the air in the infested area (whether it’s a single room or a whole house) to 140 degrees Fahrenheit. Once the air reaches the desired temperature, our bed bug control experts will use industrial fans to move the ... Cold-Blooded Insects - How do cold-blooded insects react to temperature changes? Find out in this insect experiment. Advertisement In this experiment you'll be testing the effects ...Nov 22, 2015 · These are the basic steps needed to ensure a SUCCESSFUL AND SAFE Bed Bug Heat treatment. Thorough preparation and attention to the below details will positively affect your treatments success. Watch Our Heat Prep Video Before The Convectex Heat Treatment Can Commence Do not use any pesticide bombs, foggers, sprays, dusts prior to heat treatment. Repellent insecticides severely diminish the ... Any bed bug will die very quickly at this temperature. When we work around a sprinkler system, we can set our thermostatically controlled heaters to 130. This will keep the heat lethal to the bed bugs, yet will still be 20 degrees away from the temperature of 155 degrees, which is the common temperature at which …Call Now888-269-6210. Bed bugs have become a somewhat common nuisance in New Orleans and its nearby cities of Village de LEst, Venetian Isles, Saint Claude Heights, Pontchartrain Beach, and Arabi. These small, blood-sucking pests are recognized to infest beds, upholstery, and even bags, making it easy for them to …As if they weren't bad enough already. After bed bugs are eradicated from an infestation, they leave behind a potentially unhealthy souvenir that lingers in the air for months afte...Pros. Bed Bugs Hate Heat- To effectively use heat as a means to kill bed bugs, the affected room needs to be heated up to 117-122 degrees Fahrenheit. Bed bugs will die if exposed to such temperatures for an …(269) 353-0934. The pest management professional conducting the treatment will monitor room temps with help from remote thermostats. This type …Heat treatments are a chemical-free method of pest control used to treat bed bugs by raising the temperature of an affected room. David Hammond is the inventor of heat treatment technologies. He tells us how this …At Heat Relief, our effective bed bug heat treatment involves balance, timing, and monitoring. We use purpose-built industry-leading heaters and convection fans to heat the entire space so no bed bugs remain. We adjust furniture and personal items to ensure 100% bed bug eradication by eliminating all potential cold spots.Bed Bug Removal is most effective with professional heat treatments. In fact, bed bug heat treatments are the only 100% guaranteed way to get rid of bed bugs! Bed bugs die at a temperature of 127 degrees. We use large heater fans to get the temperatures of infested areas up to 200 degrees. This ensures all hiding spots …Using carbon dioxide, propane, helium or other unregistered gases to fumigate bed bugs, even if it's just in an enclosed bag. They are not registered and can lead to dangerous low-oxygen situations or cause an explosion. Using a pesticide in a way that doesn’t follow the label. For bed bugs, people are sometimes tempted to:“Goodnight. Sleep tight. The common bed bug is a tiny pest that starts as small, pearl-white colored egg, roughly the size of a pinhead. It then becomes a translucent nymph, or you...Bed bugs can’t escape adequately conducted heat treatments. The treatment involves raising the temperature of the affected area to lethal levels for bed bugs, which typically range between 117°F and 122°F.We recommend the ThruNite Archer 2A V3. Lint roller: Use this to pick up any bugs, eggs, or cast skins you find. Vacuum cleaner: A vacuum …Malaria is a mosquito-carried disease. The insect carries a parasite, and when the insect bites a host, it is transmitted. Malaria is a serious disease that requires medical care. ...For minor bed bug issues, Bug Heat Terminator offers a conventional insecticide spray. The targeted, residue-free application controls localized infestations and smaller populations as part of an integrated plan. Though not a sole solution for major infestations, strategic conventional treatments still have a place in bed bug management when ...Many methods involve heat treatments. Bed bugs cannot live above 118 degrees Fahrenheit (48 degrees Celsius), so they and their eggs will die instantly at 122 degrees Fahrenheit ...Bed Bug Heat Treatments near me in Columbus, Ohio There is nothing magical about thermal treatment; it simply cooks bed bugs in all stages of life. Every animal and plant wilts and eventually dies in extreme heat, but “extreme” is relative to the species, bed bugs begin to die at 122 degrees fahrenheit.Houston Bed Bug Heaters offers effective Heat Treatment services for Bed Bug Removal across Houston, Sugar Land, Conroe, Galveston, Kingwood, Richmond. (832) 791-0324 e-mail now; HOME; ... Below are the Bed Bug Heat Treatments we offer. Choose the heat treatment package that best fits your needs! ELITE 4 BED …With 3rd generation experience, Thomas Pest Services offers highly effective and eco-friendly bed bug heat treatments in the Capital Region and Adirondacks. Our ...THE ADVANTAGES OF HEAT TREATMENTS. Rob does a great job, always on time and always makes the appointments scheduled. The employees are all awesome to work with. Great customer service! I recommend to anyone who needs their services. My tech is awesome! Najee is very professional and always has a smile on his face. He always …Two infant girls wouldn't stop crying on a Newark to Mumbai flight. When their parents undressed them, they discovered they were covered in bug bites. A couple of Air India passeng...Aug 9, 2023 · Bed bug heat treatment vs. other treatment costs. Bed bug extermination costs $1 to $8 per square foot, depending on the treatment method. Bed bug heat treatment services are the most affordable treatment, while fumigation is the most expensive due to the added cost of chemicals and pesticides. Bed bug treatment cost per square foot by method ... Before hiring any heat treatment or pest management company to address a bed bug infestation, it is wise to assess the situation yourself. First and foremost,.We are just here to kill the bed bugs and provide you with excellent customer service. We proudly offer a 100% guaranteed bed bug removal treatment across Tucson and the Tucson area. Call now for a free inspection & quote! 520-777-9391.Heat Pest Services is your Team of Superhero Exterminators Who have Been Saving the Citizens of Dallas and Fort Worth From Bed Bug Attacks in Texas since 2016 and other areas since 2011. Captain Heat's Heat Treatment is the Only Way To Exterminate All Bed Bugs and Eggs In One Day! Warranty Included.To get rid of bed bugs using a heat solution, you can rely on commercial services provided by the team at Heat Solution. These professional exterminators have the knowledge and expertise to effectively eliminate bed bug infestations using heat treatments. Here are four reasons why choosing their services is awise decision:Nov 22, 2015 · These are the basic steps needed to ensure a SUCCESSFUL AND SAFE Bed Bug Heat treatment. Thorough preparation and attention to the below details will positively affect your treatments success. Watch Our Heat Prep Video Before The Convectex Heat Treatment Can Commence Do not use any pesticide bombs, foggers, sprays, dusts prior to heat treatment. Repellent insecticides severely diminish the ... Bed bug heat treatment process · Feel free to give us a call for a quote. · You can schedule an appointment for a free inspection. · We will inspect your home&...The answer is worrying. Major hotel chains in the U.S. leave specific policies regarding bed bugs up to the individual hotel with little to no oversight. Bed bugs can easily turn a...While potentially effective, even heat treatments are not without shortcomings. As noted above, up to seven hours of heat exposure was required to achieve 100% mortality. The same study also found that the “exposure of bed bug adults to 39 degrees Celsius [102 degrees Fahrenheit] for 240 minutes [four hours] caused no mortality,” which ...Bed bugs are a common nuisance that can infest our homes, causing discomfort and distress. If you’ve discovered these unwelcome guests in your living space, it’s crucial to take sw...Effective methods, such as heat treatments, require professional experience and equipment to ensure they are applied safely and effectively. Orkin Pros have unmatched experience in treating bed bugs. ... Bed bug pest control treatments are applied in the safest manner possible with custom treatments to accommodate your needs. Our low ...Regional Bed Bug Contacts. Contact Us to ask a question, provide feedback, or report a problem. Last updated on February 7, 2024. Prevent, identify, and treat bed bug infestations using EPA’s step-by-step guides, based on IPM principles. Find pesticides approved for bed bug control, check out the …3. Steam — As mentioned earlier, steam is a very effective method of killing bed bugs. Steam can penetrate deep into crevices and carpet, meaning it’s got good reach. However, the temperature ... During a bed bug heat treatment, all furniture, belongings, floors, and the ambient temperature is raised to 53-65 degrees Celsius (bed bugs die at 50 degrees Celsius). This ensures bed bugs, including their eggs, die all at once no matter where they are in your space and gives the highest chance to get rid of the entire bed bug infestation. Use an insecticide alternative. Substances such as diatomaceous earth, boric acid, and silica gel kill bed bugs by damaging their outer coating so they dry out and die. Put these powders into ...Bed Bug Control Heat Treatment Specialists. With over 30 years experience in the pest control industry we have dealt with all types of pest and tried many different Bed Bug Control treatments. Over time Bed Bugs became resistant to insecticides so as technology advanced we invested in chemical free heat treatment machines.Effective methods, such as heat treatments, require professional experience and equipment to ensure they are applied safely and effectively. Orkin Pros have unmatched experience in treating bed bugs. ... Bed bug pest control treatments are applied in the safest manner possible with custom treatments to accommodate your needs. Our low ...Heat treatments for bed bugs basically involve raising the temperature of an infested area or item to levels that are lethal to bed bugs and their eggs. The …Are you constantly waking up with itchy skin and red welts on your body? Do you find yourself tossing and turning in bed, unable to get a good night’s sleep? If so, there’s a chanc...Bed bugs and their eggs are unable to survive the extreme heat and are eliminated completely. Unlike traditional insecticides, heat treatments are safe for your home and belongings. Plus, you can conveniently leave your home during the treatment and return to a bug-free living space all on the same day. With heat treatments, there's no need to ...More Information: Edmonton Bed Bug Heat Treatments. Guaranteed Results. Let us take on the stress! We understand the frustration and inconvenience that bed bugs can cause, which is why we stand behind our services with a guarantee. Our experienced team of professionals is dedicated to delivering thorough and lasting results, giving you peace of ...Prior to heat treatment, it’s crucial to thoroughly clean your home. Vacuum your carpets, furniture, and walls to eliminate any hidden bed bugs. Pay extra attention to cracks and crevices, like baseboards, door frames, and window sills, where bed bugs often hide. After vacuuming, mop or wipe down all surfaces with hot soapy water to ...(269) 353-0934. The pest management professional conducting the treatment will monitor room temps with help from remote thermostats. This type …Pesticide-Free Bed Bug Treatment. Our pesticide-free bed bug heat treatment is a safe and effective solution for eliminating Texas bed bugs from your Dallas home. We raise the temperature in infested areas to kill bed bugs at all stages of their life cycle without the use of harmful chemicals. 888-620-7038Our bed bug heat treatments in NYC can treat everywhere, including under your beds, furniture, and electrical outlets. Contact us at 877-475-3005 for FREE ESTIMATE!Patient Advice. Health. How to Treat Bed Bug Bites. Home treatments for bed bug bites often help, but sometimes you need to see a doctor. … Pesticide-Free Bed Bug Treatment. Our pesticide-free bed bug heat treatment is a safe and effective solution for eliminating Texas bed bugs from your Austin home. We raise the temperature in infested areas to kill bed bugs at all stages of their life cycle without the use of harmful chemicals. 888-620-7038 We are just here to kill the bed bugs and provide you with excellent customer service. We proudly offer a 100% guaranteed bed bug removal treatment across Tucson and the Tucson area. Call now for a free inspection & quote! 520-777-9391.Bed Bug Heat Treatment · It is a green pest control solution · Treatment is typically completed in one day · Kills all stages of bed bug development -adults,&n...THE ADVANTAGES OF HEAT TREATMENTS. Rob does a great job, always on time and always makes the appointments scheduled. The employees are all awesome to work with. Great customer service! I recommend to anyone who needs their services. My tech is awesome! Najee is very professional and always has a …Utilizing our Electric Heat Treatment process is not only is the most effective solution, it is also the fastest way to get rid of your bed bug infestation. Many studies have shown that thermal extermination is the best method of killing bed bugs and their larvae and eggs. Once the room reaches 125.6 degrees or greater for 1 hour, the problem ...

Bed bug heat treatments are very extensive endeavors. Heat treatments have proven to be the most effective and quickest method of eliminating bed bugs. All life stages, adults, nymphs …. How to get red sauce out of clothes

bed bug heat treatments

Rooms are bed bug free within hours, instead of days or months with traditional. treatments. If you have a bed bug problem, give us a call today! Schedule your free and discreet in-home inspection below or call 913-735-5451. Effective Bed Bug Heat Treatment - Say goodbye to bed bugs with our proven and eco-friendly heat treatments services. One bed bug heat treatment is effective in about 97% of all cases. Heat kills all life stages of bed bugs: the eggs, nymphs, and adult bugs. Heat treatments also eliminate other pests. We are so confident in our treatments and so dedicated to your satisfaction that Northwest K9 Bed Bug Detectives offers a 35-day warranty on our thermal heat ... Whereas, bed bugs simply cannot survive at extreme temperatures making heat a better treatment option. Furthermore, only one heat treatment is necessary to eliminate an infestation, while chemicals usually require multiple treatments. The Right Solution. To eliminate insecticide-resistant bed bugs, TEMP-AIR, Inc. manufactures and sells the ... Pesticide-Free Bed Bug Treatment. Our pesticide-free bed bug heat treatment is a safe and effective solution for eliminating Texas bed bugs from your Dallas home. We raise the temperature in infested areas to kill bed bugs at all stages of their life cycle without the use of harmful chemicals. 888-620-7038Bed Bug Heat Treatments. Heat treatments, on the other hand, offer a contrasting approach: Easiness and Speed: Heat treatments are relatively simple and fast. Professionals use specialized equipment to raise the temperature in the infested area to a level lethal for bed bugs. It eliminates bed bugs at all life stages in a single treatment ... Bed bug heat treatments are very extensive endeavors. Heat treatments have proven to be the most effective and quickest method of eliminating bed bugs. All life stages, adults, nymphs and eggs, die within minutes at temperature. This article has been developed to help you understand the complexity, dangers and risks involved in heat treatments. The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes internet gaming disorder (IDG) as a mental health condition. We discuss symptoms, effects, and treatments. Playing video games can be...Getting Rid of Bed Bugs. When a bed bug infestation is discovered there are multiple methods for controlling it. Be aware that it will take time and patience; there is no quick fix for eradication. There are both chemical and non-chemical approaches are available. While using one or the other works, an approach that uses a combination of …Contact. [email protected]. 865-888-5105. Pest Control - Bed Bug Heat Treatments -Termite Treatments Knoxville Seymour Sevierville Maryville Jefferson City Gatlinburg Morristown Kodak Pigeon Forge Powell Maryville Alcoa Wears Valley Townsend Cherokee Hills Strawberry Plains Farragut Newport. A …Patient Advice. Health. How to Treat Bed Bug Bites. Home treatments for bed bug bites often help, but sometimes you need to see a doctor. …GreenTech Heat provides organic and pesticide-free bed bug heat treatment solutions for airbnb, hotel and motel owners, and property management companies to exterminate and eliminate bed bugs and other insect infestations while avoiding the potential negative side affects of pesticides. Heat provides the positive side effect …Using carbon dioxide, propane, helium or other unregistered gases to fumigate bed bugs, even if it's just in an enclosed bag. They are not registered and can lead to dangerous low-oxygen situations or cause an explosion. Using a pesticide in a way that doesn’t follow the label. For bed bugs, people are sometimes tempted to:Developing alternatives to insecticidal treatments against bed bugs requires a balance between obtaining complete mortality while minimizing labor, equipment and energy costs. Knowledge of the effects of elevated temperatures on bed bugs is needed to ensure that heat treatments are both cost effective and practical.The answer is worrying. Major hotel chains in the U.S. leave specific policies regarding bed bugs up to the individual hotel with little to no oversight. Bed bugs can easily turn a...Insects heat treatment services in London. The fastest, most effective way to eliminate bed bugs, fleas, and moths. Heat treatment for insects that is eco-friendly. Certified pest exterminators 24/7. Up to 100% eradication is guaranteed with heat treatment. Heat treatment comes with a pest-free guarantee.Bed bugs are small, reddish-brown insects that feed on blood. They are usually found in areas where people sleep, such as homes, hotels, and dormitories. Bed bugs can cause itchy b...Fort Worth Bed Bug Heat Treatment is a local veteran owned and operated Fort Worth bed bug exterminator. We specialize in affordable bed bug extermination services using thermal remediation. In Fort Worth, we are no stranger to bed bugs. Bed bugs are an incredibly difficult pest to kill and get rid of. Bed bugs show up unexpectedly, and when ....

Popular Topics